Medicine for Beginners

The so called protective function of the vaccine against Covid-19 is based on the fact that the Spyke protein of Covid-19 coming into contact with our immune system causes the production of antibodies which react with this spyke protein. The human macrophage incorporates this spyke protein on its cell membrane and presents it to the B-cells which produce antibodies against it. Of course we should not forget that this spyke protein has a structure which responds to the ACE-2 receptor. This means that those Macrophages could connect themselves directly with the corresponding ACE-2 receptor through the spyke protein which is expressed on their cell membrane, causing a quick non-specific immune reaction directly against vascular endothelial cells in the heart and kidneys, but also in respiratory epithelia and in the gastrointestinal tract. Perhaps this is the cause of the very quick and sharpened reaction of many people to the vaccine against Covid-19 which is often connected with late

  The disease is often moderate or even asymptomatic. However, severe courses can occur, usually manifesting as pneumonia. In some of the seriously ill patients, severe cardiovascular damage is also observed. For people with heart disease, the disease - which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus - thus appears to be particularly dangerous. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a major role in the body's water balance. ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure and reduce afterload - which also makes them very useful in treating heart failure disease. ACE2 are particularly abundant in the heart and lungs. Currently, attention is focused on this enzyme because ACE2 has been identified as a functional receptor for the coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. It appears that the amount of ACE2 increases by taking ACE2 inhibitors in response. Thus, the body responds to inhibition of these receptors by increasing potential docking sites. It has not yet been proven whether this mec

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2, or ACE2, is an exopeptidase expressed primarily by vascular endothelial cells in the heart and kidneys, but also in respiratory epithelia[1] and in the gastrointestinal tract. It is the target of several coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. 2 Biochemistry ACE2 is a transmembrane metallocarboxypeptidase composed of 805 amino acids. Zinc and chloride ions act as cofactors. The extracellular region consists of two domains, a zinc metallopeptidase domain and a C-terminal collectrin homology domain. The enzyme exhibits homology to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). ACE2 is encoded by the ACE2 gene on the X chromosome (gene locus Xp22.2). In addition to being expressed as a transmembrane protein, a soluble form exists in serum. 3 Function ACE2 cleaves angiotensin II into angiotensin (1-7), which has anti-inflammatory and lung protective effects via MAS and AT2 receptors. 4 Clinical 4.1 Infectiology ACE2 serves as a major entry p